FreeMarker template error (DEBUG mode; use RETHROW in production!): The following has evaluated to null or missing: ==> article [in template "cms/yxw.jmpt.cn/article/view_article.ftl" at line 16, column 27] ---- Tip: If the failing expression is known to legally refer to something that's sometimes null or missing, either specify a default value like myOptionalVar!myDefault, or use <#if myOptionalVar??>when-present<#else>when-missing. (These only cover the last step of the expression; to cover the whole expression, use parenthesis: (myOptionalVar.foo)!myDefault, (myOptionalVar.foo)?? ---- ---- FTL stack trace ("~" means nesting-related): - Failed at: ${article.title!} [in template "cms/yxw.jmpt.cn/article/view_article.ftl" at line 16, column 25] - Reached through: @articleDetailDirective articleId="${... [in template "cms/yxw.jmpt.cn/article/view_article.ftl" at line 14, column 17] ~ Reached through: #nested [in template "cms/yxw.jmpt.cn/common/include/layout.ftl" in macro "layout" at line 56, column 17] ~ Reached through: @lo.layout [in template "cms/yxw.jmpt.cn/article/view_article.ftl" at line 3, column 1] ---- Java stack trace (for programmers): ---- freemarker.core.InvalidReferenceException: [... Exception message was already printed; see it above ...] at freemarker.core.InvalidReferenceException.getInstance(InvalidReferenceException.java:134) at freemarker.core.UnexpectedTypeException.newDescriptionBuilder(UnexpectedTypeException.java:85) at freemarker.core.UnexpectedTypeException.(UnexpectedTypeException.java:48) at freemarker.core.NonHashException.(NonHashException.java:49) at freemarker.core.Dot._eval(Dot.java:48) at freemarker.core.Expression.eval(Expression.java:101) at freemarker.core.DefaultToExpression._eval(DefaultToExpression.java:96) at freemarker.core.Expression.eval(Expression.java:101) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.calculateInterpolatedStringOrMarkup(DollarVariable.java:104) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.accept(DollarVariable.java:63) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:371) at freemarker.core.Environment$NestedElementTemplateDirectiveBody.render(Environment.java:3423) at com.haoyu.sip.cms.article.template.ArticleDataDirective.execute(ArticleDataDirective.java:63) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:452) at freemarker.core.UnifiedCall.accept(UnifiedCall.java:102) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:371) at freemarker.core.Environment.invokeNestedContent(Environment.java:621) at freemarker.core.BodyInstruction.accept(BodyInstruction.java:60) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:371) at freemarker.core.Environment.invokeMacroOrFunctionCommonPart(Environment.java:877) at freemarker.core.Environment.invokeMacro(Environment.java:813) at freemarker.core.UnifiedCall.accept(UnifiedCall.java:84) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:335) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:341) at freemarker.core.Environment.process(Environment.java:314) at freemarker.template.Template.process(Template.java:383) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.processTemplate(FreeMarkerView.java:391) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.doRender(FreeMarkerView.java:304) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.renderMergedTemplateModel(FreeMarkerView.java:255) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractTemplateView.renderMergedOutputModel(AbstractTemplateView.java:181) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:316) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1406) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.processDispatchResult(DispatcherServlet.java:1150) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:1089) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:965) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:1006) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:898) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:489) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:883) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:583) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:212) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:156) at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:51) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:181) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:156) at org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:94) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:117) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:181) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:156) at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:201) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:117) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:181) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:156) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:168) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:90) at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:483) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:130) at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:93) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:74) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:343) at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:617) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:63) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:932) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1694) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:52) at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1191) at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:659) at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:750)